It is common knowledge that encryption is a useful tool for providing confidentiality. Authentication, however, is often overlooked. Authentication provides data integrity; it helps ensure that any tampering with or ...

Passwords are the most widely deployed means of human-computer authentication since the early 1960s. The use of passwords, which are usually low in entropy, is delicate in cryptography because of the possibility of launching ...

RSA-OAEP is being used in PKCS #1 2.0 standard for a long time. OAEP (optimal asymmetric encryption padding) provides security strength to RSA and other deterministic one-way asymmetric primitives (trapdoor one-way ...

In the modern world, almost every computing device uses some cryptographic technique or the other. Over the years several schemes have been proposed implemented and standardized. For any kind of data transfer the primary ...

Fuzzy hashing is a technique commonly used to compare two diff erent data les which share identical sets of bits in same order, by determining the level of similarity between them. This is done by generating same hash ...

The following report discusses various facial recognition spoofing techniques in use today, and compares various algorithms, that have been developed for detecting the same. Continuing towards the previous semester’s ...

Fair conduct of elections are essential for smooth existence of democratic societies. Voting systems are the method and infrastructure we use to conduct elections. Paper ballot based voting schemes, electronic voting ...